The Cloud Security Alliance and Astrix partner to reveal critical gaps in NHI protection

The Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) and Astrix Security today announced new research that sheds light on the current state of non-human identity (NHI) security.

Findings from the State of Non-Human Identity Security Survey Report, a survey of more than 800 experts coupled with data from more than 2 million monitored NHIs in Fortune 500 companies, reveal a significant security disparity: organizations are far less equipped to secure non-human identities compared to their human counterparts. The most common challenges include service account management and NHI discovery, though the survey also revealed there is a growing recognition of the importance of investing in NHI security, with 1 in 4 organizations already investing in these capabilities and an additional 60% planning to within the next twelve months.

"NHIs—like bots, API keys, service accounts, OAuth tokens, and secrets—are all lifelines of today’s organizations, enabling automation, efficiency, and innovation," said John Yeoh, Global VP of Research at CSA. "And while organizations recognize the importance of securing NHIs and often deploy a mix of tools like Identity Access Management systems, these tools are not specifically tailored to the unique challenges that NHIs present. The mismatch is evident in recent attacks on major brands like AWS, Okta, Cloudflare, and Microsoft, where despite having security measures in place, hackers still managed to infiltrate. This joint survey only underscores this vast issue, highlighting that NHIs cannot be treated the same as human identities.”

CSA and Astrix set out to dive deeper into how organizations perceive and handle NHI security, aiming to uncover the specific gaps and pain points in securing API keys, OAuth tokens, and more. The report reveals key findings:

• NHI attacks are surging and defenses are lagging: Nearly 1 in 5 organizations have experienced a security incident related to NHIs. The most common causes of NHI-related attacks were: lack of credential rotation (45%); inadequate monitoring and logging (37%); and overprivileged accounts/identities (37%).
• Low confidence in securing NHIs compared to human identities: There is a significant gap in organizations' security methods, with only 1.5 out of 10 organizations highly confident in their ability to secure NHIs, compared to nearly 1 in 4 for securing human identities. This lack of confidence in securing NHIs versus human identities could be due to the sheer volume of NHIs in their environment, which often outnumber human identities by a factor of 20 to 1.
• Fragmented approaches lead to security incidents: These tools are not specifically designed to address NHI security challenges; for instance, 58% use Identity and Access Management (IAM) systems; 54% use Privileged Access Management (PAM); 40% use API security measures; 38% employ Zero Trust/Least Privilege strategies; 36% use Secrets Management tools. As a result, the three most common causes of NHI security incidents include lack of credential rotation (45%), inadequate monitoring and logging (37%), and overprivileged accounts or identities (37%).
• Struggling with fundamental security practices related to NHIs: Major challenges that organizations encounter include auditing and monitoring (25%); access and privileges (25%); discovering NHIs (24%); and policy reinforcement (21%). Another significant concern is the struggle to gain visibility into third-party vendors connected by OAuth apps, with 38% of organizations reporting no or low visibility into third-party vendors and another 47% having only partial visibility.

“As organizations increasingly acknowledge the critical need for robust NHI security, the surge in investments reflects a proactive stance toward protecting our digital infrastructures,” said Alon Jackson, CEO and co-founder at Astrix Security. “The key now is ensuring these investments are channeled into the right tools, especially as vulnerabilities persist. NHIs present unique challenges distinct from human identities, making their security complex and demanding. Addressing NHI security requires ongoing refinement, adaptable strategies, and a unified effort to tackle the ever-evolving threats head-on.”

Find full access to the report here.

Yeoh will be providing an in-depth analysis of the survey’s findings during the first-ever Non-Human Identity Security Conference on September 18 at the World Trade Center in New York. To register for this dynamic half-day conference focused on the cutting-edge trends and tactics in NHI security, visit https://www.nhi-security.com/.